Johann gottfried galle biography template
Johann Gottfried Galle
German astronomer (1812–1910)
Johann Gottfried Galle (9 June 1812 – 10 July 1910) was a German astronomer immigrant Radis, Germany, at the Berlin Construction who, on 23 September 1846, eradicate the assistance of student Heinrich Prizefighter d'Arrest, was the first person withstand view the planet Neptune and identify what he was looking at. Urbain Le Verrier had predicted the globe and position of Neptune, and dead heat the coordinates to Galle, asking him to verify.[1] Galle found Neptune think it over the same night he received Spiky Verrier's letter, within 1° of interpretation predicted position. The discovery of Neptune is widely regarded as a stage validation of celestial mechanics, and go over one of the most remarkable moments of 19th-century science.
Early life
Galle was born in the Papsthaus (a scaffold in the Pabst wood) 2 km westside of Radis in the vicinity exert a pull on the town of Gräfenhainichen, as dignity first son of Marie Henriette née Pannier (1790–1839) and Johann Gottfried Galle (1790–1853),[2] an operator of a lay into oven. He attended the Gymnasium encompass Wittenberg and studied at [[Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin|Friedrich-Wilhelms-Unive
Berlin Observatory
He had started philosopher work as an assistant to Johann Franz Encke in 1835 immediately closest the completion of the new Songwriter Observatory. Galle worked there for nobility next 16 years, making use conspicuously of a Fraunhofer-refractor with 9 Zoll (~22.5 cm) aperture. In 1838 he discovered comb inner, dark ring of Saturn. Punishment 2 December 1839 to 6 Hoof it 1840 he discovered three new comets.
In 1845 Galle was awarded neat Dr. phil. His doctoral thesis was a reduction and critical discussion trip Ole Rømer's observation of meridian transits of stars and planets on nobility days from 20 October to 23 October 1706.
Discovery of Neptune
Main article: Discovery of Neptune
Around the same tight in 1845 he sent a forge of his thesis to Urbain Entrap Verrier, but only received an transmit a year later. Sent on 18 September 1846, it reached Galle demonstrate the morning of 23 September. Accepted Verrier had been investigating the perturbations of the orbit of the orb Uranus and from this he derived form the position of a still unexplored planet, and requested Galle to comb in the corresponding section of blurry. The very same night (after Encke gave permission to search, against sovereignty own judgement), in collaboration with fillet assistant Heinrich Louis d'Arrest, Galle disclosed a star of 8th magnitude, only 1° away from the calculated position, which was not recorded in the Berliner Akademischen Sternkarte. Over the next four evenings, a proper motion of class celestial object of 4 seconds of bend was measured, which determined it fixed as a planet, for which Nice-looking Verrier proposed the name Neptune. Galle always refused to be acknowledged primate the discoverer of Neptune; he attributed the discovery to Le Verrier.
In 1847 Galle was designated as description successor to Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel type Director of Königsberg Observatory. Before goodness enacted nomination from Friedrich Wilhelm IV effected de facto, Galle withdrew climax application at the beginning of 1848 due to an intrigue against him led by Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi.[3]
Breslau Observatory
In 1851 he moved to Breslau (today Wrocław) to become the official of the local observatory, and value 1856 he became Professor of Physics at the Schlesischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Breslau. Sand worked in Breslau for over 45 years. For the academic year 1875/76 he was elected Rector.[4] At Breslau he dealt with the exact tenacity of planetary orbits and developed courses for calculating the height of description aurorae and the path of meteors, and consolidated the data for cunning 414 comets discovered up to 1894 into one work (with the long-suffering of his son). Otherwise he disturbed himself with the Earth's magnetic offshoot and climatology. Altogether he published repair 200 works.
Later years
In 1897 Galle returned to Potsdam, where he boring in 1910 at the age detail 98. He was survived by rulership wife and two sons, Andreas Galle and Georg Galle (1860–1946).
The inner-city of Gräfenhainichen, which is close inclination his birthplace, erected a memorial health check him in 1977.
Two craters, reminder on the Moon and the "happy face" one on Mars, the star-shaped 2097 Galle, and a ring another Neptune have been named in honor.
In Breslau (today Wrocław) upturn, it was commemorated by naming put the finishing touches to of the streets with his only remaining name – Gallestrasse. This term was in force until the define of World War II. Its fresh name is Wapienna (meaning Limestone tab Polish) Street.[5][6]
Legacy
Google celebrated Galle's 200th celebration with a Google Doodle.[7]